Preface	8
	References	10
	Contents	12
	1 Introduction	15
	Split-Brain Research and Symbolic Interactions Theory of Accounts: An Example of Convergence	17
	Neurosociology and the Self	18
	Neuroscience and a Sociological Unit of Analysis	19
	Examples of Mutual Interests	20
	Early Recognitions of Emergents	21
	Mind as Exerting a True Mental Force Over Its Parts	22
	Emotions Involvement in Rational Choice	23
	Sciences Rediscovery of Chicago Pragmatism and Curbs on the Excesses of the Linguistic Turn	23
	Transcending Exclusive Reductionism	24
	Some Generalizations About the Emotional Brain	25
	Examples of Neurosociology	28
	Qualifications of Theories and Methods	29
	Looking Ahead	31
	References	1
	2 The Evolution of the Human Brain	34
	The Homo Sapiens Family Tree	37
	Suggestions About the Origins of Speech	42
	Conclusion: Thoughts About Evolution and the Brain and the Function of Beliefs	47
	Important Developments in the Evolution of the Human Brain	49
	References	50
	3 What Is Social About the Human Brain?	51
	Intersubjectivity	52
	The Construction of Persons and Their Subjectivities	54
	Language, the Brain, and the Construction of Ones Self and Others	54
	Misidentification Syndromes	56
	The Brain as Social	56
	The Fusiform Facial Area	60
	The Importance of Eye Gaze in Social Life	63
	Autism as a Partial Loss of Social Connection	65
	When the Social Environment Fails Our Social Brains: an Ugly Story	67
	A Neurosociological Interpretation of Isolation	69
	Conclusion	71
	References	72
	4 The New Unconscious: Agency and Awareness	74
	Balancing Awareness and Unawareness	75
	Consciousness as Center Stage in Symbolic Interaction	77
	The New Unconscious as Procedure and Content	78
	The Unconscious and Political Manipulation	89
	My In-Group Right or Wrong	92
	Conclusion	93
	References	94
	5 Mirror Neurons: A Return to Pragmatism and Implications for an Embodied Intersubjectivity	96
	Thinking as Internal Conversation and Motor Process	102
	Mirror Neurons and Emotion	110
	Conclusion	111
	References	114
	6 The Neuroscience of Emotion and Its Relation to Cognition	116
	Parts of the Brain Related to Emotion	123
	Damasios Somatic-Marker Hypothesis	127
	The Somatic-Marker Hypothesis	129
	The Limbic System Debate	131
	Challenges to Cognitive Appraisals Seen as an Inherent Part of Emotions	133
	Conclusion	137
	References	138
	7 The Self in Neuroscience and Social Psychology	140
	Different Aspects of Self	140
	The Brain Processes Behind the Social Self	151
	The Recent Search for Dedicated Brain Areas Underlying the Self	153
	Brain Areas Creating Self According to Zimmer	155
	Epilogue About the Fragility of Self	165
	References	165
	8 Consciousness, Quale, and Subjective Experience	168
	What is Quale?	169
	Thought, Sensations, and Mind	171
	Positions on the Connection Between Consciousness and Qualia	174
	Summary and Conclusions	178
	References	179
	9 The Place of Imitation in Social Life and Its Anatomical Brain Supports	181
	Imitation and Mirror Neurons Reviewed	182
	The Scope of Imitation	183
	Cognitive Psychology and Imitation	184
	Brain Areas Involved in Imitation	186
	Imitation and Social Theory	187
	Conclusion	188
	References	188
	10 Determinism and Free Will	190
	Libet: Our Bodies Do What We Want to Do Before We Know We Want It	190
	Initial Evidence from Electrical Stimulation	192
	Daniel Dennetts Defense of Free Will	193
	Daniel Wegner on the Illusion of Free Will	195
	The Controversy of Mind over Matter: A different Avenue for Establishing Agency	198
	G.H. Meads Concept of Emergence	198
	On the Qualitative Difference Between Mind and Matter	199
	Minded Distance as a Lever for Control in Therapeutic Practices	201
	Neuroplasticity and the Power of Mental Force	202
	The Tale of the Silver Springs Monkeys	202
	Nursing the Self Back into the Drivers Seat in Obsessive Compulsive Disorder	204
	Changing the Circuits of the Brain in Depression	207
	Conclusion	208
	References	210
	11 Conclusion	212
	The Social Nature of the Brain	212
	Neuroscience and Epistemology	213
	The Neurological Supports for the Chicago Pragmatist Priority of Action	214
	A Transactional View of the Brain/Environment Relationship	215
	Emergence as a Way out of Reductionism	215
	The Two Most Challenging Problems for Brain Science	216
	The Seamy Side of Self	216
	References	218
	Subject Index	220