Acknowledgements	7
	Contents	8
	Part I Population in models of economic growth	12
	Introduction	13
	1.1 Motivation and main question of this research	13
	1.2 Organization of the research	15
	1.3 The ageing population: Trends in Germany, United Kingdom and the USA	16
	The size and the growth rate of population and economic growth	22
	2.1 General literature on ageing population, declining population size and declining population growth rate	22
	2.2 Population in economic growth theory with exogenous technological progress	25
	2.3 Population in economic growth theory with endogenous technological progress	28
	Effects of a declining population in a model of economic growth	40
	3.1 Introduction to a model of economic growth - The Solow (1956) model without technological progress	41
	3.2 The Solow (1956) model with technological progress	57
	3.3 A model of economic growth with human capital - Mankiw, Romer and Weil (1992)	66
	3.4 A model of economic growth with human capital and age structure - Lindh and Malmberg ( 1999)	71
	Effects of a declining population in a model of economic growth with endogenous human capital - Lucas ( 1988)	76
	4.1 The problem of dynamic optimization and its solution	76
	4.2 A model of economic growth with human capital - Lucas (1988)	81
	4.3 A note on the Lucas model	91
	Conclusions of Part I	97
	Part II Models of economic growth with an ageing population	101
	Models of " Silver Growth"	102
	Models with exogenous population	104
	7.1 Model 1: The Solow (1956) model with an ageing population	104
	7.2 Model 2: The Lucas (1988) model with an ageing population	115
	Models with quasi-endogenous population	125
	8.1 Model 3: The Lucas model with the new time allocation and quasi-endogenous population growth	127
	8.2 Model 4: A model of silver growth with the new time allocation, quasi-endogenous population growth and an ageing population	140
	Models with endogenous population	156
	9.1 Model 5: The Lucas model with the new time allocation and endogenous population growth	156
	9.2 Model 6: A model of silver growth with the new time allocation, endogenous population growth and an ageing population	168
	Conclusions	182
	10.1 Conclusions for economic growth theory	183
	10.2 Conclusions for economic policy	190
	Appendix	194
	11.1 Derivations	194
	List of variables	198
	References	199