Empowered Educators	3
	Contents	5
	Foreword	7
	Acknowledgments	13
	About the Sponsoring Organizations	15
	About the Lead Authors	17
	Online Documents and Videos	19
	Chapter 1 Teaching Policy Around the World	25
	What Kinds of Policies Affect Teaching?	27
	Why Study International Teaching Policy?	29
	Why Study These Jurisdictions?	32
	What We Found	36
	Developing Both Teacher Quality and Teaching Quality	41
	Organization of This Book	43
	Note	44
	Chapter 2 Contexts for Teaching and Learning Systems	45
	Australia	46
	Governance and Funding	46
	Curriculum and Assessment	48
	Teachers and Teaching	49
	Canada	50
	Governance and Funding	51
	Curriculum and Assessment	53
	Teachers and Teaching	55
	Finland	56
	Equity as a Core Principle	57
	Curriculum and Assessment	58
	Teachers and Teaching	59
	Shanghai	60
	Governance and Funding	61
	Curriculum and Assessment	63
	Teachers and Teaching	65
	Singapore	67
	Building a Modern Economy and Diverse Society	67
	Fostering Innovation and Equity	68
	Teachers and Teaching	69
	Summary	71
	Note	72
	Chapter 3 Recruiting and Preparing Profession-Ready Teachers	73
	Recruiting the Best	74
	Financial Compensation	74
	Attractiveness of the Profession	77
	Selection Practices	79
	Selecting Teachers in Finland	79
	Selecting Teachers in Singapore	80
	Selecting Teachers in Canada	82
	Selecting Teachers in Shanghai	83
	Selecting Teachers in Australia	84
	Preparing Professionals	85
	Standards for Practice: A Framework for Teacher Learning	85
	Canada	87
	Australia	88
	Shanghai	89
	Singapore	90
	Preparation That Enables Professional Practice	92
	Finland	93
	Australia	97
	Policy Levers for Teacher Education Improvement	97
	Research-Based, Inquiry-Oriented, Clinical Preparation: The MTeach Model	100
	School Centers for Teaching Excellence	103
	Canada	105
	Singapore	108
	Shanghai	110
	Induction	112
	Shanghai	113
	Singapore	115
	Canada	118
	Australia	120
	Lessons Learned	124
	Notes	127
	Chapter 4 Developing High-Quality Teaching	129
	Incentives and Infrastructure for Learning	131
	Time and Opportunity for Collaboration	135
	Time for Collaboration	137
	Opportunity for Collaboration	138
	Curriculum Development and Lesson Study	140
	Curriculum and Assessment Development	140
	Lesson Study	143
	Teacher Research	147
	Jiaoyanzu in Shanghai	148
	The Alberta Initiative for School Improvement	148
	Teacher-Led Professional Development	151
	Developing Teachers’ Skills for Leading Professional Learning Within Schools	151
	Teacher-Led Learning Beyond the School Walls	152
	Teaching Competitions	154
	Feedback and Appraisal	156
	Approaches to Appraisal	157
	Canada	157
	Finland	158
	Australia	159
	Shanghai	162
	Singapore	163
	Links to Professional Learning	164
	Links to Compensation	166
	Lessons Learned	170
	Chapter 5 The Teaching Career and Leadership for the Profession	173
	Career Pathways	174
	Singapore’s Career Ladder System	175
	The Teaching Track	176
	The Leadership Track	178
	The Specialist Track	179
	Shanghai’s Career Ladder	180
	Australia’s Teaching Career Stages	182
	Ontario’s Support for Teacher Leadership	185
	Opportunities to Lead Professional Learning	187
	Recruiting and Developing School Leaders	192
	Ontario’s Leadership Strategy	193
	Singapore’s Leadership Track	196
	Australia’s Strategies for Leadership Development	198
	New South Wales	200
	Victoria	201
	Lessons Learned	206
	Note	208
	Chapter 6 Perseverance in the Pursuit of Equity	209
	Resourcing Student Learning	210
	Supporting Children’s Welfare	210
	Financing Schools	212
	Recruiting and Supporting Teachers in High-Needs Schools	217
	Assignment and Promotion Policies	217
	Incentives for Teaching in High-Needs Schools	219
	Preparation for Teaching Historically Underserved Students Effectively	221
	Developing an Equity Pedagogy	222
	School Improvement Strategies	225
	Targeting Improvement and Support in High-Needs Schools	227
	Lessons Learned	232
	Chapter 7 Global Learning for Ongoing Improvement	235
	Policy Borrowing: Learning From Success	236
	Professional Teaching Standards	238
	Teacher Licensure or Registration	241
	Clinically Based Initial Teacher Preparation	244
	Lesson Study and Action Research	247
	New Horizons	248
	Transforming Systems to Meet 21st-Century Learning Expectations	248
	Educational Equity and Meeting Student Needs	251
	Building a Continuum of Support for Teaching	254
	Conclusion	256
	Systemic Approach	258
	Coordinated Approach	261
	Balancing Innovation and Control	261
	Invest in Teaching	262
	Appendix A Research Methodology	265
	Appendix B Qilun Elementary School Lesson Plan	267
	Appendix C Qibao Teaching Contest Evaluation Form	273
	References	277
	Index	295
	EULA	306