CONTENTS	6
	PREFACE	8
	OXYGEN MINIMUM ZONE BENTHOS: ADAPTATION AND COMMUNITY RESPONSE TO HYPOXIA	10
	Introduction	11
	The physical and geological nature of oxygen minimum zones	12
	Biotic response to OMZs	16
	Palaeoceanographic and evolutionary implications of OMZ benthos	41
	OMZ frontiers	42
	Acknowledgements	43
	References	43
	ANTARCTIC MARINE BENTHIC DIVERSITY	56
	Introduction	56
	Methods	65
	Marine benthic diversity in the Southern Ocean: an inventory	66
	Discussion	86
	Some preliminary macroecological analyses	99
	Concluding remarks	105
	Acknowledgements	105
	References	106
	Addendum	123
	INFLUENCE OF MARINE ALLOCHTHONOUS INPUT ON SANDY BEACH COMMUNITIES	124
	Introduction	124
	Organic components of beach:cast material	126
	Breakdown of beach-cast material	132
	Macrofaunal beach-wrack communities and species succession	135
	Shorebirds and other terrestrial animals linked to wracks	144
	Offshore consumers of wracks	146
	Effects of physical presence of stranded wrack on plants and animals	147
	Geomorphological importance of wrack	149
	Human use of beach-cast material	150
	Effects of human removal of wracks on invertebrate populations	152
	Inorganic beach-cast material	153
	Conclusions	155
	Acknowledgements	156
	References	156
	THE EFFECTS OF SEDIMENTATION ON ROCKY COAST ASSEMBLAGES	170
	Introduction	170
	Sediment load to rocky coasts	173
	Effects of sedimentation	183
	Discussion and conclusions	230
	Acknowledgements	234
	References	234
	EXOTIC MOLLUSCS IN THE MEDITERRANEAN BASIN: CURRENT STATUS AND PERSPECTIVES	246
	Introduction	247
	Methods	248
	Sources of the exotic species	262
	Possible reasons for success	275
	Impact on the native fauna and prospects	280
	References	281
	DETRITUS IN THE EPILITHIC ALGAL MATRIX AND ITS USE BY CORAL REEF FISHES	288
	Introduction	289
	What is detritus?	290
	How much detritus is there?	290
	Nutritional value of detritus	292
	Sources of detritus	295
	Processes of detrital production	296
	Detrital consumption: What is a detritivorous fish?	299
	Feeding traits of detritivorous fishes	304
	Contribution of detritivorous fishes to coral reef fish assemblages	306
	Future directions in research	311
	Acknowledgements	312
	References	312
	ECOLOGY OF WHALE FALLS AT THE DEEP-SEA FLOOR	320
	Scientific history of whale-fall ecology	321
	Manipulative studies of whale falls off Southern California	323
	Biogeographic and evolutionary relationships of whale-fall communities	341
	Biotechnological spinoffs	353
	Anthropogenic influences on whale-fall communities	354
	Future directions	355
	Acknowledgements	356
	References	357
	THE DIET OF HARBOUR PORPOISE (PHOCOENA PHOCOENA) IN THE NORTHEAST ATLANTIC	364
	Introduction	364
	Study methods	367
	What do harbour porpoises eat?	368
	Are porpoises opportunistic or selective predators?	371
	Where and how do porpoises feed?	378
	Food consumption by harbour porpoises	380
	Competition with other predators	381
	Interactions with fisheries	382
	Long-term trends in porpoise diet	383
	Consequences of diet for individual health and population status	385
	Future research	386
	Acknowledgements	388
	References	388
	AUTHOR INDEX	400
	SYSTEMATIC INDEX	428
	SUBJECT INDEX	440
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