Contents	7
	Preface	13
	1 Introduction to the Unified Modeling Language (UML)	22
	1.1. What is the Unified Modeling Language (UML)?	22
	1.2. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) and Process or Methodology	24
	1.3. History of the Unified Modeling Language (UML)	26
	1.4. Effectively and Successfully Applying the Unified Modeling Language (UML)	30
	2 Modeling	33
	2.1. Languages	33
	2.1.1. ALPHABETS	34
	2.1.2. WORDS	34
	2.1.3. SENTENCES	35
	2.1.4. PARAGRAPHS	35
	2.1.5. SECTIONS	38
	2.1.6. DOCUMENTS	39
	2.1.7. OTHER ELEMENTS	39
	2.2. Systems and Contexts	44
	2.2.1. DOMAINS OR SPACES	44
	2.2.2. SYSTEMS	44
	2.2.3. ARCHITECTURES	45
	2.2.4. MODELS	47
	2.2.5. ARCHITECTURAL VIEWS	51
	2.2.6. DIAGRAMS	52
	2.3. Modeling Mechanisms	54
	2.3.1. PERSPECTIVES	55
	2.3.2. LEVELS OF ABSTRACTION	57
	2.3.3. DICHOTOMIES	58
	2.3.4. EXTENSION MECHANISMS	59
	2.4. Processes and Methodologies	60
	2.4.1. DEVELOPMENT CYCLES AND PHASES	61
	2.4.2. ITERATION CYCLES AND PHASES	63
	2.4.3. ITERATION PHASE DETAILS	65
	2.4.4. HEURISTICS	67
	2.5. The Value of Processes and Methodologies	73
	2.5.1. THE QUESTION	73
	2.5.2. FINE CUISINE AND SYSTEMS DEVELOPMENT	74
	2.5.3. THE ROADMAP	77
	2.5.4. THE ANSWER	80
	3 Object Orientation	82
	3.1. Principles of Object Orientation	82
	3.1.1. ABSTRACTION	82
	3.1.2. ENCAPSULATION	84
	3.1.3. GENERALIZATION	86
	3.1.4. POLYMORPHISM	87
	3.2. Structural (Static) Concepts	87
	3.2.1. CLASS AND OBJECT DIAGRAMS	87
	3.2.2. USE-CASE DIAGRAMS	108
	3.2.3. COMPONENT DIAGRAMS	111
	3.2.4. DEPLOYMENT DIAGRAMS	112
	3.3. Behavioral (Dynamic) Concepts	114
	3.3.1. SEQUENCE AND COLLABORATION DIAGRAMS	116
	3.3.2. STATE DIAGRAMS	125
	3.3.3. ACTIVITY DIAGRAMS	129
	3.4. Object-Oriented Systems	132
	3.4.1. PACKAGES	133
	3.4.2. TEMPLATES	135
	3.4.3. PATTERNS AND FRAMEWORKS	136
	3.4.4. SYSTEMS	138
	4 The Roadmap	144
	4.1. The Unified Modeling Language (UML) Sentence	145
	4.1.1. COLLABORATING AND INTERACTING SYSTEMS	145
	4.1.2. SERVICES	145
	4.1.3. SERVICE REALIZATIONS	147
	4.1.4. THE UNIFIED MODELING LANGUAGE (UML) SENTENCE	149
	4.2. The Roadmap Space	151
	4.2.1. PERSPECTIVES AND LEVELS OF ABSTRACTION	151
	4.2.2. CARTESIAN PRODUCT	151
	4.2.3. THE ROADMAP SPACE	153
	4.3. The General Roadmap	156
	4.3.1. PERSPECTIVES AND LEVELS OF ABSTRACTION	156
	4.3.2. PROCESS DISCIPLINES	158
	4.3.3. THE GENERAL ROADMAP	159
	4.4. Detailed and Notational Roadmap	161
	4.4.1. CONCEPTUAL ELEMENTS	161
	4.4.2. MECHANISMS	165
	4.4.3. THE ROADMAP	167
	4.4.4. A ROADMAP EXAMPLE	175
	4.5. Applying the Roadmap	203
	4.5.1. HEAVYWEIGHT AND LIGHTWEIGHT APPROACHES	204
	4.5.2. HEURISTICS	205
	5 Use-Case (User) Modeling	207
	5.1. Use-Case Diagrams	207
	5.1.1. ACTORS	207
	5.1.2. USE CASES	209
	5.1.3. ACTOR RELATIONSHIPS	215
	5.1.4. USE-CASE RELATIONSHIPS	217
	5.2. Applying Use-Case Diagrams	226
	5.2.1. THE CONSTRUCT	227
	5.2.2. REQUIREMENTS	229
	5.2.3. UNIFICATION	232
	6 Structural (Static) Modeling	233
	6.1. Class Diagrams	233
	6.1.1. CLASSIFIERS	233
	6.1.2. RELATIONSHIPS	252
	6.2. Object Diagrams	268
	6.2.1. CLASSIFIER INSTANCES	268
	6.2.2. RELATIONSHIP INSTANCES	272
	6.3. Applying Class and Object Diagrams	273
	6.3.1. CONCEPTUAL ELEMENTS	274
	6.3.2. MECHANISMS	275
	6.3.3. THE CONSTRUCT	275
	6.3.4. ANALYSIS	278
	6.3.5. DESIGN	283
	6.3.6. VALIDATION	291
	6.3.7. UNIFICATION	297
	7 Behavioral (Dynamic) Modeling	298
	7.1. Sequence Diagrams	298
	7.1.1. CLASSIFIER ROLES	300
	7.1.2. INTERACTIONS	301
	7.1.3. LIFELINES	304
	7.1.4. ACTIVATIONS	307
	7.1.5. MESSAGES AND STIMULI	307
	7.2. Collaboration Diagrams	310
	7.2.1. ASSOCIATION ROLES	311
	7.2.2. COLLABORATIONS	313
	7.2.3. MESSAGES AND STIMULI	315
	7.2.4. BEHAVIORAL ORGANIZATION	321
	7.3. Statechart Diagrams	328
	7.3.1. STATES	328
	7.3.2. TRANSITIONS	331
	7.3.3. SUBMACHINES	336
	7.4. Activity Diagrams	337
	7.4.1. ACTION STATES	337
	7.4.2. SWIMLANES	339
	7.4.3. FLOWS	339
	7.5. Applying Sequence, Collaboration, Statechart, and Activity Diagrams	341
	7.5.1. SEQUENCE DIAGRAMS	342
	7.5.2. COLLABORATION DIAGRAMS	342
	7.5.3. STATE DIAGRAMS	343
	7.5.4. ACTIVITY DIAGRAMS	346
	8 Component (Implementation) Modeling	347
	8.1 Component Diagrams	347
	8.1.1. ARTIFACTS	348
	8.1.2. COMPONENTS	349
	8.1.3. COMPONENT RELATIONSHIPS	352
	8.2. Applying Component Diagrams	353
	8.2.1. THE CONSTRUCT	353
	8.2.2. IMPLEMENTATION	354
	8.2.3. UNIFICATION	355
	9 Deployment (Environment) Modeling	356
	9.1. Deployment Diagrams	356
	9.1.1. NODES	357
	9.1.2. NODE RELATIONSHIPS	357
	9.2. Applying Deployment Diagrams	360
	9.2.1. THE CONSTRUCT	361
	9.2.2. DEPLOYMENT	361
	9.2.3. UNIFICATION	362
	10 Extension Mechanisms	364
	10.1. Architecture of the Unified Modeling Language (UML)	364
	10.1.1. THE FOUR-LAYER METAMODELING ARCHITECTURE	365
	10.1.2. THE UNIFIED MODELING LANGUAGE (UML) METAMODEL	369
	10.2. Stereotypes	371
	10.2.1. DECLARATION	371
	10.2.2. APPLICATION	375
	10.3. Properties	379
	10.3.1. CONSTRAINTS	379
	10.3.2. TAG DEFINITIONS AND TAGGED VALUES	380
	10.4. Profiles	382
	11 The Object Constraint Language (OCL)	385
	11.1. What is the Object Constraint Language (OCL)?	385
	11.2. Expressions	386
	11.2.1. INVARIANTS	387
	11.2.2. PRECONDITIONS AND POSTCONDITIONS	388
	11.2.3. PACKAGE STATEMENTS	390
	11.2.4. LET EXPRESSIONS AND DEFINITION CONSTRAINTS	391
	11.3. Properties	391
	11.3.1. CLASSIFIERS AND INSTANCES	394
	11.3.2. ASSOCIATIONS AND LINKS	395
	11.3.3. CLASSIFIER- AND INSTANCE-SCOPED PROPERTIES	396
	11.4 The Standard Object Constraint Language (OCL) Types	397
	11.4.1. BASIC TYPES	398
	11.4.2. COLLECTION TYPES	402
	11.5. The Standard Object Constraint Language (OCL) Package	410
	References	412
	Index	416
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