Preface	7
	Contents	19
	Introduction	22
	1 Physical Security	36
	1.1 Side-Channel Attacks	36
	1.2 Physical Threats	41
	1.3 Laptop Security	47
	1.4 Disaster Recovery Planning	49
	1.5 Privacy Protection	50
	2 Viruses	54
	2.1 Operating Systems	55
	2.2 Computer Viruses	57
	2.3 Virus Writers	61
	2.4 Virus Propagation	64
	2.5 Virus Classi.cation	67
	2.6 Boot Sector Viruses	69
	2.7 File Infector Viruses	72
	2.8 Companion Viruses	76
	2.9 Multipartite Viruses	77
	2.10 Macro and Script Viruses	78
	2.11 Infected Images	80
	2.12 Virus Life Cycle	83
	2.13 Viruses and UNIX	86
	2.14 Viruses and the Macintosh	86
	2.15 Viruses and the Amiga	87
	2.16 Virus Replication	87
	2.17 Virus Payload	87
	2.18 Virus Organization	95
	2.19 Virus Naming	96
	2.20 Virus Hiding Methods	97
	2.21 Polymorphism	101
	2.22 Virus Stealth Techniques	104
	2.23 Interrupts and Viruses	105
	2.24 Trapdoors	109
	3 Worms	112
	3.1 Code Red I	114
	3.2 Worming Techniques	116
	3.3 Proposing a CCDC	126
	3.4 The Internet Worm	129
	4 Trojan Horses	134
	4.1 Applications of Trojans	135
	4.2 Installing a Trojan	137
	4.3 Rigging a Compiler	139
	5 Examples of Malware	146
	5.1 The Lehigh Virus	146
	5.2 The Brain Virus	147
	5.3 The Michaelangelo Virus	148
	5.4 The SirCAM Virus	149
	5.5 The Melissa Virus	150
	5.6 Scores Virus	151
	5.7 Swiss Amiga Virus	152
	5.8 Christmas Card Virus	152
	5.9 VBS.KAK Worm	153
	5.10 The Cruncher Virus	154
	5.11 Opener Virus	155
	5.12 MTX Worm/Virus	156
	6 Prevention and Defenses	160
	6.1 Understanding Vulnerabilities	160
	6.2 Defenses Against Malware	165
	6.3 Anti-Virus Software	166
	6.4 Backups and Such	176
	6.5 Hoaxes	181
	7 Network Security	184
	7.1 Internet Vulnerabilities	184
	7.2 Port Scanning	185
	7.3 Spoofs	186
	7.4 Spam	190
	7.5 Denial of Service	202
	7.6 Firewall Basics	205
	8 Authentication	210
	8.1 Local Authentication	211
	8.2 Biometric Techniques	211
	8.3 Passwords	217
	9 Spyware	232
	9.1 Introduction and De.nition	233
	9.2 RIAA and Spyware	236
	9.3 Terrorism and Spyware	238
	9.4 Political Contributions	239
	9.5 Distribution of Spyware	240
	9.6 Remote Reporting	243
	9.7 Adware	246
	9.8 Spyware?	247
	10 Identity Theft	252
	10.1 Introduction	253
	10.2 Shredding	257
	10.3 Internet Cookies	259
	10.4 Phishing	260
	10.5 The Homograph Threat	266
	11 Privacy and Trust	268
	11.1 Privacy Issues	269
	11.2 Online Privacy	272
	11.3 Children’s Privacy	274
	11.4 Trust	279
	12 Elements Of Cryptography	284
	12.1 Principles of Cryptography	285
	12.2 Kerckhoffs’s Principle	286
	12.3 Polybius’s Monoalphabetic Cipher	287
	12.4 Polybius’s Polyalphabetic Cipher	289
	12.5 The One-Time Pad	290
	12.6 The Key Distribution Problem	292
	12.7 Diffe-Hellman-Merkle Keys	293
	12.8 Public-Key Cryptography	294
	12.9 RSA Cryptography	295
	12.10 SSL: Secure Socket Layer	299
	A l33t Speak	306
	B Virus Timeline	310
	Concluding Remarks	326
	Malware: Summary	328
	Final Conclusions	329
	Answers to Exercises	332
	Glossary	348
	Bibliography	364
	Index	378
	Colophon	390
	More eBook at www.ciando.com	0